child-care

Dressing the Baby

Fri, 11 Jan 2013 17:31:51 +0100

Procedure:
1. Gather all the necessary material for the procedure:

Baby's shirt
Diaper
Diaper pin
Baby socks
Bib

2. Wear first the shirt to the baby, for a slip over, it should be gathered into the hand so that it is easily pulled over the infant' head.
For a "double breasted shirt", put the infant's arm through the sleeve by putting your finger through the end of the sleeve and put the infant's hand through the armhole.You can take his finger and gently pull his hands through the sleeve.
3. Next put on the diaper by following one of the two common styles as either "oblong strip" or a "kite fashion". For an oblong strip, fold the diaper in the three lengthwise folds. Place one end of the folder diaper under the baby's buttocks while the other end over the baby, put pin on both sides by joining end of the diaper. For kite fashion, position the diaper diagonally and fold right then.Put the upper part on the lower part. The put the diaper on the baby's buttocks. Bring the lower part on the middle and attach the tow sides with the diaper pin.
4. Pin the diaper snugly in place.
5. You can use socks if infant's feet are cold and it should be large enough to allow infant move his toes without being cramped.
6. Bib can also be applied if the baby is about to be fed.

Baby Bath

Fri, 11 Jan 2013 17:32:18 +0100

Bath- given daily, if the weather is cool it may done once or twice a week. Best time for bathing is before mid morning.

Important Do's and Don't in Bathing.
1. Remember the daily bath should be

at regular time before mid morning
uninterrupted
unhurried

2. Temperature: 75-80 F
3. Water 90- 100 F ( 88- 105 C)
4. Never leave the baby alone on the table or in the tub.
5. Hold baby with firm grip.

Procedure:
1. Prepare all the materials

soap, shampoo
1 large towel
2 small towel
thermometer
basin
baby dress
diaper

2. Take the temperature of the infant, it should be 36 C
3. Put the water on the basin with the temperature of 95- 100 F (38-40.5 C)

test the temperature of the water by using a bath thermometer or an elbow test.

4. Place a plastic sheet or rubber sheet besides the basin, place the baby on it.

Rubber sheet will protect the baby from chilling since the sink is cold.

5. Infant must be partially wrapped to prevent chilling.
6. Clean the eye using cotton balls, moisten it with water, clean from the inner canthus going to the outer canthus, one cotton ball is used per each stroke.
7. Clean the face with cotton balls deep in clean water.
8. Clean the opening of the nose.
9. Clean the external ear
10. Undress the baby and examine his body from any marks or lesions.
11. Get the baby Using the football hold, support his head and shoulder securely.
12. Make a good lather on one hand and gently shampoo the head and don't allow the soap gets into the eyes.
13. After shampooing, rinse the head well and pat dry.
14. Undress the baby.
15. Using cotton ball, gauze, wash cloth to clean the body, start with neck, arms, chest, abdomen, back, genitalia, legs, between the legs, and buttocks.
16. Rinse well.
17. Place the cotton blanket over the baby quickly.
18. Be sure to dry the areas and the skin fold.
19. Apply body lotion to dry.
20. Dress infant, put diapers.
21. Place infant in crib, playpen, bassinets
22. Store reusable materials.
23 Dispose soiled materials.

Remember before baby the baby parents/ carer must done hand washing first. This will protect the baby from transferable disease

Asepsis

Fri, 11 Jan 2013 17:32:28 +0100

Asepsis- The state of being free of living pathogenic microorganisms or it's a the process of removing pathogenic microorganisms or protecting against infection by such organisms.

1. Medical Asepsis- precautions taken to prevent the spread of disease-causing organism.
2. These disease- causing organism are of different types and cause various infectious disease.
3. Reducing number of all organism, reduce the danger of those that cause illness.
4. When the patient comes to hospital he/ she brings his/ her organism (germs) along.
5. "Well" person carry organism but still stay in good health.
"run-down"- organism might win out in the fight against body defense
6. Human body- magic like defenses against invasion of diseases.
7. Whether a person can resist disease- causing organism depends on

Physical condition
How and where he is living?
The germs itself ( how weak or strong the organism and whether or not they are invading the body in great numbers.

8. Antibiotics- "miracle drugs"- Staphylococcus ( was not affected by medication).
9. Hospital personnel are in the vital position of preventing the spread of infection from one patient to another- This is what medical asepsis is all about.
10. Through hand washing- best- known means of controlling infection.

Hand Washing

Fri, 11 Jan 2013 17:32:45 +0100

Hand washing- best known means of controlling infections. Because our hands are a frequent vehicle for transmitting microorganism. Let's make it a habit to prevent the spread of disease causing infections.

Cleaning Agents for Hand Washing:

1. soap 2. detergent

soap and detergent with antiseptic- dryness & irritation

tap water is (sterile) effective as sterile water

Proper Hand Washing technique

1. Approach the sink, don't let your clothes touch the sink, removed jewelries or other accessories.
2. Turn on the faucet to a gentle stream, leave the water running throughout the procedure. Adjust water to acceptable temperature.
3. Wet your hands and forearms.
4. Place small amount of soap.
5. Rub hands vigorously, keeping fingers pointed downward.
6. Wash you hand, forearms and wrist for 30 secs.
7. Clean under your fingernails with an orange wood stick.
8. Rinse your hands under running water. Keep your finger pointed downward.
9. Dry your hands well with a paper towel.
10. Turn off the faucet, holding the handles with paper towel.

Child Abuse

Fri, 11 Jan 2013 17:32:57 +0100

Child Abuse- Research and studies indicate that an abused child tends to repeat their own childhood experiences inventing their frustrations, anger or helplessness in dealing with their problems in life.

Child Abuse Takes in Many Forms:
A - Neglected Child is one who is malnourished denied medical cared has been abandoned for long periods, or has been kept unlawfully from attending school. This child may appear abandoned, tired, irritable, hungry and in need of medical care of attention.
B. Sexually Abused Child is one who has been physically and sexually ill-treated.
C. Battered Child is an extreme use of child abuse, and a child is in need to protection from physical harm.
D. Psychologically Abused Child is one who has been constantly yelled at or criticized and whose self- concept or self- esteem has been damage.

Indicators of Child Abuse
1. Visible marks such as bruises, welt, burns, scar and fractures.
2. The Child may be tired, uneasy, irritable, the rest of not getting enough rest and food.
3. Child like mannerisms ( similar to those displayed by younger children) such as thumb sucking,reverts to bed wetting/soiling tempers tantrums.
4.Start to cling on adult for emotional support and showing excessive fears of men or women, lack trust in others
5. Very low self- esteem and may start of having problems at school.
6. Consistent hunger, inappropriate to dress for weather conditions, poor hygiene
7. Dramatic behavioral changes, like showing extreme behavior such aggressiveness, destructive, hyperactive or shyness or may not display any emotion at all.
8. May reluctant to leave school, sudden non-participation in activities.

Thing to Consider in assessing if Child is been Abused or not

Sleep disturbances
Loss of appetite
Behavior Change
Bed-wetting
Clinging
Fear of Adults
Not wanting to be alone
Regression
Depression

Child Care

Fri, 11 Jan 2013 17:33:21 +0100

Child Care- this enable the trainee to learn the normal growth and development of a child and appropriate development techniques in basic care-giving. It tackles the most common problem of each stages, identifying symptoms of child abuse and management, hand washing, asepsis, baby bath, dressing, sterilization, feeding the baby, burping, stages of growth and development ( toddler, preschool and school age stages) common diseases, Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ( SIDS) and safety precaution.

Providing Care for a Child

1.Must give a child enough affection the feeling love and care.

2. Must recognize the child as he/ she is by giving him/ her the feeling of acceptance.

3. Must give him/ her regular and consistent care by providing him her enough attention.

4. Must allow him/ her to do the things that he/ she likes but with safety limits.

5. Must give due regards to his/ her small and big achievements and interest making him/ her feel appreciated.

Points to Remember:

1. Every Child is unique.

2. His/ her growth is orderly and continuous.

3. The rate of growth is constant.

4. The child develop as a whole person.

5. Heredity, maturity and environmental influence the level of development attained.

Being a carer or parents we often got a chance to be with the child most of the time, we must not forget our duties and responsibilities towards them.

1. Give them affections, companionship and understandings.
2. Extend to them the benefits of moral guidance, self discipline and religious instructions
3. Inculcate the good values such a value of industry. thrift and self- reliance.
4. Always set good examples.